Extrinsic Materialist Conception of Value and the Burgeoning Banditry in Nigeria
Abstract
Despite the determination of security agencies, governmental and nongovernmental commissions and institutions to arrest the current of
criminality in the country, particularly in northern Nigeria, such as
banditry and kidnapping and other sundry financially induced
criminalities in Nigeria, it has continued unabated, bestriding the
country like a colossus as citizens shiver and quiver in the scale of terror
the criminals have unleashed and are unleashing relentlessly. Using
available data, reports and critical textual expositions, our analysis
shows that the brazen spate of criminality, especially, banditry and
kidnapping to extort money in Northern Nigeria, is driven by the
concepts of let-us-take-our-share and get-rich-quick by all means
mentality. These concepts are motivated by the misplacement of values
on negative extrinsic materialist attitudes. We submit that until the
youths, the bandits and other criminals, re-evaluate and realign their
values with those that promote being-with-others, being-for-others, the
common good of the community and the care for others above material
acquisition, banditry and kidnapping in the north will continue to fester.
References
Adepegba, Adelani . “Five Abducted Tegina Students Dead, Many ill With
Swollen Legs —Head Teacher”. Punch. August 25, 2021.
Akinwotu, Emmanuel. “Almost 300 schoolgirls kidnapped in Nigeria are free,
says state governor”. In The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com
March, 2, 2021.
BBC News. Zamfara Secondary School Girls Jangebe Kidnapping: Gunmen
Abduct 317 students from Government Secondary School.
https://www.bbc.com/pidgin/tori-56165585. February 6, 2021.
Bisong, Peter Bisong and Ekanem, Samuel Aloysius. “The Contemporary
Nigerian Summum Bonum and its Effect on the Economy” in Sophia: An
African Journal of Philosophy and Public Affairs. 15 (1) Sept., 2014.
-61
Brenner, Claire. Combating Banditry in Northwest Nigeria.
https://www.americansecurityproject.org/combating-banditry-innorthwest-nigeria/ March 19, 2021. Retrieved August 13, 2021.
Edet, Mesembe Ita. “On the Origin and Character of Human Values: A
Complementary Reflection”. Research on Humanities and Social
Sciences. Vol.4, No.2, 2014.
____________ “Human Values and Their Foundations: Towards An Ethic of
Living Right (EOUSLY)”. In Research on Humanities and Social
Sciences. Vol.5, No.17, 2015
Grunberg, Ludwig. The Mystery of Values: Studies in Axiology. Amsterdam:
Editions Rodopi 8.V., 2000
Ilori, Joseph A. Moral Philosophy in African Context. Zaria: Ahmadu Bello
University Press. 2009.
James, Gene G. “The Defense of Ralph Barton Perry's Definition of Value”.
Pacific Philosophical Quarterly.Vol 7 (3). 1976. Pp 230-238.
Lawhead, William F. The Voyage of Discovery: A Historical Introduction to
Philosophy. Belmont: Wadsworth Group. 2002.
Lacey, A.R. ADictionary of Philosophy. New York: Routledge, 1996.
Jones, Mayeni. “Nigeria School Abduction: Gunmen Kidnap Students in Niger
State”. In BBC https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-57300643.
Accessed September10, 2021
Maishanu, Abubakar Ahmadu. “Kagara Abduction: Kidnappers Demand
Ransom from Victims' Parents” in Premium Times.
https://www.premiumtimesng.com February 24, 2021.
Mohammed, Idris. “No End in Sight for Insecurity and Banditry in
Northwestern Nigeria”. In Terrorism Monitor. Vol xix. Issue 13
(https://jamestown.org/program/no-end-in-sight-for-insecurity-andbanditry-in-northwestern-nigeria/) July 2, 2021. Pp3-5.
Odumayak, Okpo. “Moral Education and Nigeria's Development”. Sophia: An
African Journal of Philosophy and Public Affairs. 15 (2) April 2015. pp
-6
Olurode, Lai. The Story of Anini: Society, Police and Crime in Nigeria.
Lagos: Rebonik Publications. 2008.
Okoli, Al Chukwuma and Okpaleke, Francis. Banditry and Crisis of Public
Safety in Nigeria: Issues in National Security Strategics. In European
Scientific Journal. Vol.10, No.4. February 2014
Okoli, Al Chukwuma and Ugwu, Anthony Chinedu. “Of Marauders and
Brigands: Scoping The Threat of Rural Banditry in Nigeria's North
West”. In Brazilian Journal of African Studies. 4 (8) July/December
pp 201-222.
Okon, Etim E & Ogbonnaya, Lucky U. “Islam and the Challenge of Boko
Haram” in Emele M. Uka (ed.) Religion, Politics and Inter-Faith
Relations in Nigeria. Calabar: Afripenticost Publishers, 2016. 68-82
Reuters. “Bandits in Northwest Nigeria Release 15 Students After Parents
Raise Ransom”. https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/banditsnorthwest. Accessed September 10, 2021.
Rønnow-Rasmussen, Toni. “Intrinsic and Extrinsic Value”. In The Oxford
Handbook of Value Theory. Iwao Hirose and Jonas Olson (ed.) Oxford
University Press. pp 29-43
Schroeder, Mark. “Value Theory” in Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy.
(https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/value-theory/) Accessed May 27,
Ushie, Thomas Egaga. “Ethical Naturalism and Same-Sex Marriage”.
Sophia: An African Journal of Philosophy and Public Affairs. 15 (2)
April 2015. 29 – 36.
Ushie, Thomas Egaga & Adie, Rose Ogeyi. “Plato's Philosophy of Education
and the Problem of Leadership in Nigeria”. Calabar Journal of Liberal
Studies (CAJOLIS). 20 (2) 2018. 62-75.
Taylor, Charles. Sources of the Self. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press,
Zimako, O. Zimako. Face of a Nation: Democracy in Nigeria, Foreign
Relations and National Image. Modern Approach, 2009.